diff --git a/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.test.ts b/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.test.ts
index eea82268d7d..a240ba2bbab 100644
--- a/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.test.ts
@@ -144,10 +144,11 @@ describe("sanitizeToolUseResultPairing", () => {
     expect(out.map((m) => m.role)).toEqual(["user", "assistant"]);
   });
 
-  it("skips tool call extraction for assistant messages with stopReason 'error'", () => {
-    // When an assistant message has stopReason: "error", its tool_use blocks may be
-    // incomplete/malformed. We should NOT create synthetic tool_results for them,
-    // as this causes API 400 errors: "unexpected tool_use_id found in tool_result blocks"
+  it("strips tool_use blocks from assistant messages with stopReason 'error'", () => {
+    // When an assistant message has stopReason: "error", its tool_use blocks are
+    // orphaned (no tool_result will ever come). Instead of passing them through
+    // (which causes permanent session corruption — see #48354), strip the tool
+    // call blocks entirely. Do NOT create synthetic tool_results either (#4597).
     const input = castAgentMessages([
       {
         role: "assistant",
@@ -159,17 +160,19 @@ describe("sanitizeToolUseResultPairing", () => {
 
     const result = repairToolUseResultPairing(input);
 
-    // Should NOT add synthetic tool results for errored messages
-    expect(result.added).toHaveLength(0);
-    // The assistant message should be passed through unchanged
+    // Should strip the tool call block, not create synthetic results
     expect(result.messages[0]?.role).toBe("assistant");
+    const assistantContent = (result.messages[0] as { content: { type: string }[] }).content;
+    // Tool call block should be gone, replaced with placeholder text
+    expect(assistantContent.every((b: { type: string }) => b.type !== "toolCall")).toBe(true);
     expect(result.messages[1]?.role).toBe("user");
     expect(result.messages).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(result.moved).toBe(true);
   });
 
-  it("skips tool call extraction for assistant messages with stopReason 'aborted'", () => {
-    // When a request is aborted mid-stream, the assistant message may have incomplete
-    // tool_use blocks (with partialJson). We should NOT create synthetic tool_results.
+  it("strips tool_use blocks from assistant messages with stopReason 'aborted'", () => {
+    // When a request is aborted mid-stream, strip orphaned tool_use blocks
+    // to prevent permanent session corruption from dangling tool calls.
     const input = castAgentMessages([
       {
         role: "assistant",
@@ -181,12 +184,37 @@ describe("sanitizeToolUseResultPairing", () => {
 
     const result = repairToolUseResultPairing(input);
 
-    // Should NOT add synthetic tool results for aborted messages
-    expect(result.added).toHaveLength(0);
-    // Messages should be passed through without synthetic insertions
+    // Tool call blocks should be stripped
     expect(result.messages).toHaveLength(2);
     expect(result.messages[0]?.role).toBe("assistant");
+    const assistantContent = (result.messages[0] as { content: { type: string }[] }).content;
+    expect(assistantContent.every((b: { type: string }) => b.type !== "toolCall")).toBe(true);
     expect(result.messages[1]?.role).toBe("user");
+    expect(result.moved).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("preserves text content alongside stripped tool_use in error messages", () => {
+    // If the errored assistant message has both text and tool_use blocks,
+    // only strip the tool calls and keep the text.
+    const input = castAgentMessages([
+      {
+        role: "assistant",
+        content: [
+          { type: "text", text: "Let me try running that..." },
+          { type: "toolCall", id: "call_err2", name: "exec", arguments: {} },
+        ],
+        stopReason: "error",
+      },
+      { role: "user", content: "what happened?" },
+    ]);
+
+    const result = repairToolUseResultPairing(input);
+
+    const assistantContent = (result.messages[0] as { content: { type: string; text?: string }[] })
+      .content;
+    expect(assistantContent).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(assistantContent[0]?.type).toBe("text");
+    expect(assistantContent[0]?.text).toBe("Let me try running that...");
   });
 
   it("still repairs tool results for normal assistant messages with stopReason 'toolUse'", () => {
diff --git a/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.ts b/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.ts
index 9455837d930..0c2a407aec6 100644
--- a/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.ts
+++ b/src/agents/session-transcript-repair.ts
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ export type ToolUseRepairReport = {
 
 export function repairToolUseResultPairing(
   messages: AgentMessage[],
-  options?: ToolUseResultPairingOptions,
+  _options?: ToolUseResultPairingOptions,
 ): ToolUseRepairReport {
   // Anthropic (and Cloud Code Assist) reject transcripts where assistant tool calls are not
   // immediately followed by matching tool results. Session files can end up with results
@@ -400,6 +400,36 @@ export function repairToolUseResultPairing(
 
     const assistant = msg as Extract<AgentMessage, { role: "assistant" }>;
 
+    // For aborted or errored assistant messages, strip any tool_use/toolCall blocks
+    // rather than skipping the message entirely. These messages are the most likely
+    // to contain orphaned tool_use blocks (tool call started but result never generated).
+    // Previously we skipped them to avoid creating synthetic tool_results for incomplete
+    // tool calls (see #4597), but skipping preserves the orphaned blocks, which then
+    // cause permanent session corruption — Anthropic rejects every subsequent request
+    // with "tool_use ids were found without tool_result blocks" (see #48354).
+    // The safe fix: strip the tool call blocks entirely instead of trying to pair them.
+    const stopReason = (assistant as { stopReason?: string }).stopReason;
+    if (stopReason === "error" || stopReason === "aborted") {
+      const errorToolCalls = extractToolCallsFromAssistant(assistant);
+      if (errorToolCalls.length > 0) {
+        const content = Array.isArray(assistant.content) ? assistant.content : [];
+        const stripped = content.filter(
+          (b: { type?: string }) => b && b.type !== "toolCall" && b.type !== "toolUse",
+        );
+        changed = true;
+        out.push({
+          ...assistant,
+          content:
+            stripped.length > 0
+              ? stripped
+              : [{ type: "text" as const, text: "[tool calls from errored turn stripped]" }],
+        } as typeof assistant);
+      } else {
+        out.push(msg);
+      }
+      continue;
+    }
+
     const toolCalls = extractToolCallsFromAssistant(assistant);
     if (toolCalls.length === 0) {
       out.push(msg);
@@ -457,27 +487,9 @@ export function repairToolUseResultPairing(
       }
     }
 
-    // Aborted/errored assistant turns should never synthesize missing tool results, but
-    // the replay sanitizer can still legitimately retain real tool results for surviving
-    // tool calls in the same turn after malformed siblings are dropped.
-    const stopReason = (assistant as { stopReason?: string }).stopReason;
-    if (stopReason === "error" || stopReason === "aborted") {
-      out.push(msg);
-      if (options?.preserveErroredAssistantResults) {
-        for (const toolCall of toolCalls) {
-          const result = spanResultsById.get(toolCall.id);
-          if (!result) {
-            continue;
-          }
-          pushToolResult(result);
-        }
-      }
-      for (const rem of remainder) {
-        out.push(rem);
-      }
-      i = j - 1;
-      continue;
-    }
+    // Note: aborted/errored assistant turns are already handled above (tool_use blocks
+    // are stripped and the message is emitted with `continue`). This point is only
+    // reached for normal assistant messages, so no stopReason guard is needed here.
 
     out.push(msg);