diff --git a/extensions/voice-call/README.md b/extensions/voice-call/README.md
index 9acc9aec987..29a66d28540 100644
--- a/extensions/voice-call/README.md
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/README.md
@@ -172,6 +172,63 @@ Actions:
 - `voicecall.end` (callId)
 - `voicecall.status` (callId)
 
+## Realtime voice mode (OpenAI Realtime API)
+
+Realtime mode routes inbound calls directly to the [OpenAI Realtime API](https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/realtime) for voice-to-voice conversation (~200–400 ms latency vs ~2–3 s for the STT/TTS pipeline). It is disabled by default and mutually exclusive with `streaming.enabled`.
+
+### Requirements
+
+- `OPENAI_API_KEY` set in your environment (or `streaming.openaiApiKey` in config).
+- A **publicly reachable HTTPS endpoint with WebSocket support** — the webhook server must accept both POST requests (Twilio webhook) and WebSocket upgrades (Twilio Media Stream). A plain HTTP tunnel is not sufficient; Twilio requires WSS.
+- `inboundPolicy` set to `"open"` or `"allowlist"` (not `"disabled"`) so the plugin accepts inbound calls.
+
+### Config
+
+```json5
+{
+  inboundPolicy: "open",   // required: realtime needs inbound calls enabled
+
+  realtime: {
+    enabled: true,
+    voice: "alloy",        // Realtime API voices: alloy, ash, ballad, cedar, coral,
+                           //                     echo, marin, sage, shimmer, verse
+    instructions: "You are a helpful assistant.",
+    model: "gpt-4o-mini-realtime-preview",   // optional, this is the default
+    temperature: 0.8,      // 0–2, optional
+    vadThreshold: 0.5,     // voice activity detection sensitivity, 0–1, optional
+    silenceDurationMs: 500, // ms of silence before end-of-turn, optional
+  },
+}
+```
+
+### Environment variable overrides
+
+All `realtime.*` fields can be set via environment variables (config takes precedence):
+
+| Env var | Config field |
+|---|---|
+| `REALTIME_VOICE_ENABLED=true` | `realtime.enabled` |
+| `REALTIME_VOICE_MODEL` | `realtime.model` |
+| `REALTIME_VOICE_VOICE` | `realtime.voice` |
+| `REALTIME_VOICE_INSTRUCTIONS` | `realtime.instructions` |
+| `REALTIME_VOICE_TEMPERATURE` | `realtime.temperature` |
+| `VAD_THRESHOLD` | `realtime.vadThreshold` |
+| `SILENCE_DURATION_MS` | `realtime.silenceDurationMs` |
+
+### How it works
+
+1. Twilio sends a POST webhook to `serve.path` (default `/voice/webhook`).
+2. The plugin responds with TwiML `<Connect><Stream>` pointing to `wss://<host>/voice/stream/realtime`.
+3. Twilio opens a WebSocket to that path carrying the caller's audio in μ-law format.
+4. The plugin bridges the WebSocket to the OpenAI Realtime API — audio flows in both directions in real time.
+5. The call is registered with CallManager and appears in `openclaw voice status` / `openclaw voice history`.
+
+### Networking notes
+
+- `serve.bind` defaults to `127.0.0.1`. If running inside Docker with an external port mapping, set `serve.bind: "0.0.0.0"` so the container's port is reachable from the host.
+- The WebSocket upgrade path (`/voice/stream/realtime`) must be reachable on the same host and port as the webhook. Reverse proxies must pass `Upgrade: websocket` headers through.
+- When using Tailscale Funnel on the host (outside Docker), configure Funnel to route `/voice/` to the plugin's local port. The gateway itself does not need to be exposed via Tailscale Funnel.
+
 ## Notes
 
 - Uses webhook signature verification for Twilio/Telnyx/Plivo.
diff --git a/extensions/voice-call/src/webhook/realtime-handler.ts b/extensions/voice-call/src/webhook/realtime-handler.ts
index 4fe0e071e84..d459e100aa7 100644
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/webhook/realtime-handler.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/webhook/realtime-handler.ts
@@ -222,6 +222,9 @@ export class RealtimeCallHandler {
   /**
    * Emit synthetic NormalizedEvents to register the call with CallManager.
    * Returns the internal callId generated by the manager.
+   *
+   * Tested directly via `as unknown as` cast — the logic is non-trivial
+   * enough to warrant unit testing without promoting to a public method.
    */
   private registerCallInManager(callSid: string): string {
     const now = Date.now();
@@ -269,6 +272,13 @@ export class RealtimeCallHandler {
     });
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Dispatch a tool call from the Realtime API to the registered handler.
+   * Submits the result (or an error object) back to the bridge.
+   *
+   * Tested directly via `as unknown as` cast — the routing/error logic is
+   * worth unit testing without exposing the method publicly.
+   */
   private async executeToolCall(
     bridge: OpenAIRealtimeVoiceBridge,
     callId: string,