diff --git a/backend/app/api/admin.py b/backend/app/api/admin.py
index 40c47c7..301ac6b 100644
--- a/backend/app/api/admin.py
+++ b/backend/app/api/admin.py
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 """
 Admin API for data collection management.
+
+All collection tasks run in background threads to avoid blocking the
+async event loop (uvicorn single-worker).  Each background thread
+creates its own DB session so the request can return immediately.
 """
+import logging
+import threading
 from typing import List, Optional
 from datetime import datetime
 
@@ -8,7 +14,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
-from app.core.database import get_db
+from app.core.database import get_db, SessionLocal
 from app.api.deps import CurrentUser
 from app.models.stock import JobLog
 from app.services.collectors import (
@@ -20,6 +26,8 @@ from app.services.collectors import (
     ETFPriceCollector,
 )
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/admin", tags=["admin"])
 
 
@@ -38,116 +46,90 @@ class JobLogResponse(BaseModel):
 
 class CollectResponse(BaseModel):
     message: str
-    job_id: int
+    job_id: int | None = None
+
+
+def _run_collector_background(collector_cls, collector_kwargs: dict):
+    """Run a collector in a background thread with its own DB session."""
+    db = SessionLocal()
+    try:
+        collector = collector_cls(db, **collector_kwargs)
+        collector.run()
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error("Background collection %s failed: %s", collector_cls.__name__, e)
+    finally:
+        db.close()
+
+
+def _start_background_collection(collector_cls, **kwargs):
+    """Start a collector in a daemon thread and return immediately."""
+    thread = threading.Thread(
+        target=_run_collector_background,
+        args=(collector_cls, kwargs),
+        daemon=True,
+    )
+    thread.start()
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/stocks", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_stocks(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     biz_day: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="Business day in YYYYMMDD format"),
 ):
-    """Collect stock master data from KRX."""
-    try:
-        collector = StockCollector(db, biz_day=biz_day)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"Stock collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect stock master data from KRX (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(StockCollector, biz_day=biz_day)
+    return CollectResponse(message="Stock collection started")
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/sectors", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_sectors(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     biz_day: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="Business day in YYYYMMDD format"),
 ):
-    """Collect sector classification data from WISEindex."""
-    try:
-        collector = SectorCollector(db, biz_day=biz_day)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"Sector collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect sector classification data from WISEindex (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(SectorCollector, biz_day=biz_day)
+    return CollectResponse(message="Sector collection started")
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/prices", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_prices(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     start_date: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="Start date in YYYYMMDD format"),
     end_date: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="End date in YYYYMMDD format"),
 ):
-    """Collect price data using pykrx."""
-    try:
-        collector = PriceCollector(db, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"Price collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect price data using pykrx (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(PriceCollector, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
+    return CollectResponse(message="Price collection started")
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/valuations", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_valuations(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     biz_day: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="Business day in YYYYMMDD format"),
 ):
-    """Collect valuation data from KRX."""
-    try:
-        collector = ValuationCollector(db, biz_day=biz_day)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"Valuation collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect valuation data from KRX (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(ValuationCollector, biz_day=biz_day)
+    return CollectResponse(message="Valuation collection started")
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/etfs", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_etfs(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """Collect ETF master data from KRX."""
-    try:
-        collector = ETFCollector(db)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"ETF collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect ETF master data from KRX (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(ETFCollector)
+    return CollectResponse(message="ETF collection started")
 
 
 @router.post("/collect/etf-prices", response_model=CollectResponse)
 async def collect_etf_prices(
     current_user: CurrentUser,
-    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     start_date: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="Start date in YYYYMMDD format"),
     end_date: Optional[str] = Query(None, pattern=r"^\d{8}$", description="End date in YYYYMMDD format"),
 ):
-    """Collect ETF price data using pykrx."""
-    try:
-        collector = ETFPriceCollector(db, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
-        job_log = collector.run()
-        return CollectResponse(
-            message=f"ETF price collection completed: {job_log.records_count} records",
-            job_id=job_log.id,
-        )
-    except Exception as e:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
+    """Collect ETF price data using pykrx (runs in background)."""
+    _start_background_collection(ETFPriceCollector, start_date=start_date, end_date=end_date)
+    return CollectResponse(message="ETF price collection started")
 
 
 @router.get("/collect/status", response_model=List[JobLogResponse])
diff --git a/frontend/src/app/admin/data/page.tsx b/frontend/src/app/admin/data/page.tsx
index 2977cc7..3b87688 100644
--- a/frontend/src/app/admin/data/page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/app/admin/data/page.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 'use client';
 
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useState, useRef, useCallback } from 'react';
 import { useRouter } from 'next/navigation';
 import { DashboardLayout } from '@/components/layout/dashboard-layout';
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from '@/components/ui/card';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
+import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
 import { api } from '@/lib/api';
 
 interface JobLog {
@@ -26,6 +27,8 @@ const collectors = [
   { key: 'etf-prices', label: 'ETF 가격', description: 'pykrx로 ETF 가격 데이터 수집' },
 ];
 
+const POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 3000;
+
 export default function DataManagementPage() {
   const router = useRouter();
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
@@ -33,12 +36,47 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
   const [collecting, setCollecting] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false);
+  const pollTimerRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null>(null);
+
+  const fetchJobs = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      setError(null);
+      const data = await api.get<JobLog[]>('/api/admin/collect/status');
+      setJobs(data);
+      return data;
+    } catch (err) {
+      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to fetch jobs';
+      setError(message);
+      console.error('Failed to fetch jobs:', err);
+      return null;
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const stopPolling = useCallback(() => {
+    if (pollTimerRef.current) {
+      clearInterval(pollTimerRef.current);
+      pollTimerRef.current = null;
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  const startPolling = useCallback(() => {
+    stopPolling();
+    pollTimerRef.current = setInterval(async () => {
+      const data = await fetchJobs();
+      if (data && !data.some((j) => j.status === 'running')) {
+        stopPolling();
+      }
+    }, POLL_INTERVAL_MS);
+  }, [fetchJobs, stopPolling]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const init = async () => {
       try {
         await api.getCurrentUser();
-        await fetchJobs();
+        const data = await fetchJobs();
+        if (data?.some((j) => j.status === 'running')) {
+          startPolling();
+        }
       } catch {
         router.push('/login');
       } finally {
@@ -46,19 +84,8 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
       }
     };
     init();
-  }, [router]);
-
-  const fetchJobs = async () => {
-    try {
-      setError(null);
-      const data = await api.get<JobLog[]>('/api/admin/collect/status');
-      setJobs(data);
-    } catch (err) {
-      const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to fetch jobs';
-      setError(message);
-      console.error('Failed to fetch jobs:', err);
-    }
-  };
+    return stopPolling;
+  }, [router, fetchJobs, startPolling, stopPolling]);
 
   const runCollector = async (key: string) => {
     setCollecting(key);
@@ -66,6 +93,7 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
     try {
       await api.post(`/api/admin/collect/${key}`);
       await fetchJobs();
+      startPolling();
     } catch (err) {
       const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Collection failed';
       setError(message);
@@ -93,8 +121,16 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
     return colors[status] || 'bg-muted text-muted-foreground';
   };
 
+  const hasRunningJobs = jobs.some((j) => j.status === 'running');
+
   if (loading) {
-    return null;
+    return (
+      <DashboardLayout>
+        <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48 mb-6" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-48 rounded-xl mb-6" />
+        <Skeleton className="h-64 rounded-xl" />
+      </DashboardLayout>
+    );
   }
 
   return (
@@ -122,11 +158,11 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
                 <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground mb-4">{col.description}</p>
                 <Button
                   onClick={() => runCollector(col.key)}
-                  disabled={collecting !== null}
+                  disabled={collecting !== null || hasRunningJobs}
                   aria-label={`${col.label} 수집 실행`}
                   className="mt-auto"
                 >
-                  {collecting === col.key ? '수집 중...' : '실행'}
+                  {collecting === col.key ? '요청 중...' : '실행'}
                 </Button>
               </div>
             ))}
@@ -136,7 +172,15 @@ export default function DataManagementPage() {
 
       <Card>
         <CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between">
-          <CardTitle>최근 작업 이력</CardTitle>
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <CardTitle>최근 작업 이력</CardTitle>
+            {hasRunningJobs && (
+              <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-800 dark:bg-yellow-900 dark:text-yellow-200">
+                <span className="inline-block w-2 h-2 rounded-full bg-yellow-500 animate-pulse" />
+                실행 중
+              </span>
+            )}
+          </div>
           <button
             onClick={handleRefresh}
             disabled={refreshing}